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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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    深圳赴港澳旅游签注预约火爆 春节临近多地提前掀起客流小高峰******

      记者 李昱丞

      见习记者 李如是 王镜茹

      近期,随着各地防疫措施不断优化调整,旅游行业信心明显恢复。交通运输部数据显示,今年春运期间客流总量预计将达20.95亿人,同比增长99.5%,恢复至2019年同期的70.3%。

      目前来看,旅游公司正积极备战春节市场。二级市场方面,部分文旅板块上市公司股价已率先恢复至疫情前水平。业内认为,旅游业的恢复速度很大程度上取决于游客的消费能力,市场复苏不会一蹴而就,旅游业相关公司也要积极探索转型之路,拓展中高端消费场景。

      深圳福田出入境大厅

      人气爆棚

      1月11日上午,《证券日报》记者实地探访深圳福田出入境大厅,现场有大批市民前来办理以及预约赴港澳个人旅游签注。记者通过深圳公安微信公众号预约出入境业务发现,1月11日至1月18日,绝大部分出入境大厅的预约名额已满。

      “我们中午都不休息了,连轴办理业务。”工作人员告诉记者,“从现场情况来看,办理人数和申请预约量均已接近疫情前水平。线上预约渠道拥挤,市民预约成功后,才能在现场取号申请签注,大概4个至5个工作日即可取证。”

      据了解,1月10日起,深圳机场码头至澳门氹仔往返航线恢复运营。自此,每日往返两地航班恢复至4班。同时,深圳蛇口至澳门(外港和氹仔)往返航线也将做出航班调整。自1月13日起(除夕、大年初一除外),每日往返两地航班将调整为24班,逢周末及法定节假日将在此基础上加开4个往返航班。

      航空业也在加速回暖,主要机场客流量大幅增加。以深圳机场为例,春运首日(1月7日)深圳机场航班量位居全国第一,1月8日单日客流量重回10万人次,客流量、航班量双双实现“开门红”。

      相关工作人员告诉《证券日报》记者:“随着春节临近,预计深圳机场客流量与航班量还将持续攀升。为满足旅客春运出行需求,深圳机场协调航空公司加大了热门返乡航线的运力投放,加班架次约2800班。”

      目前来看,多地提前掀起旅游“小高峰”。1月10日晚,《证券日报》记者来到大理古城,街头人潮涌动,周围商铺生意红火。某民宿老板告诉记者:“从去年12月末至今,大理古城游客数量大增,很多民宿近日出现客满的情况。”

      大理州文旅局数据显示,1月2日至1月8日,大理机场共保障航班运输349架次,环比增长25%;旅客吞吐量达3.26万人次。

      上市公司积极筹备

      迎接旅游业复苏

      事实上,去年年底至今,“旅游业复苏”一直是投资者热议的话题之一,黄山旅游、西域旅游、岭南控股、众信旅游等多家上市公司表示正在积极备战,迎接后续大批游客。

      *ST雪发在互动易平台上表示,公司在西塘、香格里拉独克宗古城等地的文旅项目春节“不打烊”;宋城演艺也表示,公司各大项目预计在春节和春季期间陆续开园;出境游方面,岭南控股表示,公司出入境旅游组团业务尚未恢复;众信旅游则回应称,正时刻准备迎接旅游行业的全面恢复。

      对此,产业经济研究咨询机构景鉴智库创始人周鸣岐对《证券日报》记者表示:“旅游业的恢复速度取决于游客消费能力。对于上市公司而言,传统旅游景区对客流量的依赖性较强,如何向中、高端文旅消费场景转型,保障公司现金流,是每家旅游公司经营管理层需要思考的问题。就目前趋势来看,已有部分景区开始向‘度假化’方向发展,周边民宿也正向休闲娱乐一体化的产业集群转变,吸引游客进行二次或多次消费,最终实现稳定收入。”

      华泰证券分析师梅昕认为,返乡需求有望于今年春节集中释放,并带动线下聚会消费场景回暖,春节后商旅出行有望快速恢复,第二季度后将逐步进入旅游旺季,国内长线游和出境游市场有望得到进一步修复。

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